Mobile phones can be used for financial services in three different ways: for micro payments (m-commerce), as electronic money (e-money), and as a banking channel. The report examines who offers mobil...
النوع : Briefتقرير #: 44587التاريخ : April 1, 2006المؤلف:
Ivatury, Gautam J. ;
Pickens, Mark
In many countries, including Uganda, Bangladesh, and Bolivia, microfinance has become more competitive in recent years. Competition is generally expected to benefit consumers by offering a wider choic...
النوع : Briefتقرير #: 35821التاريخ : February 1, 2006المؤلف:
Porteous, David John
Notes from the global manager. News in brief. Feature. Methodology. Regional spotlight. Regional reports in brief. Country spotlight. Calendar of events.
النوع : Newsletterتقرير #: 39652التاريخ : February 1, 2006المؤلف:
Abulata, Mohamed F. ;
Budah, Sher Bahadur ;
Ducharme, Louis Marc ;
Mouyelo-Katoula, Michel ;
Tutelian, Maral ;
Vogel, Frederic A. ;
Walujadi, Dedi ;
Zieschang, Kimberly
Microfinance-or formal financial services for the poor-helps people fight poverty on their own terms, in a sustainable way. Poor people use loans, deposits, and other financial services to reduce thei...
النوع : Briefتقرير #: 35823التاريخ : February 1, 2006المؤلف:
Hashemi, Syed Mesbahuddin ;
Rosenberg, Richard
This briefing note explains the technical strategies to confront situations of excessive, and unstable groundwater exploitation, but the institutional framework for implementation is dealt with elsewh...
النوع : Briefتقرير #: 30091التاريخ : January 1, 2006المؤلف:
Foster, James Stephen ;
Garduno, Hector ;
Kemper, Karin Erika ;
Nanni, Marcella ;
Tuinhof, Albert
The note reviews country legislation over groundwater resources, specifying many governments have introduced legislation to regulate groundwater development, and to constrain activities that might com...
النوع : Briefتقرير #: 30092التاريخ : January 1, 2006المؤلف:
Dumars, Charles ;
Foster, James Stephen ;
Garduno, Hector ;
Kemper, Karin Erika ;
Nanni, Marcella ;
Tuinhof, Albert
Organizations exposed to foreign exchange risk have two options. First, they can "hedge" against their exposure. For example, they can purchase a financial instrument that will protect the organizatio...
النوع : Working Paperتقرير #: 38410التاريخ : January 1, 2006
The report on enhancing control of highly pathogenic avian influenza in developing countries through compensation seeks to provide guidelines on good practice for payment of compensation as part of hi...
النوع : Working Paperتقرير #: 38403التاريخ : January 1, 2006
This briefing note deals primarily with issues affecting initial development, and subsequent expansion of groundwater supplies, in areas underlain by minor aquifers, whose yield to water wells is both...
النوع : Briefتقرير #: 32195التاريخ : January 1, 2006المؤلف:
Foster, James Stephen ;
Garduno, Hector ;
Kemper, Karin Erika ;
Koundourim Phoebe ;
Nanni, Marccella ;
Tuinhof, Albert
The note provides an introduction to groundwater resource management, its scope and practice, and aims at clarifying the difference between surface water and groundwater, as follows. Groundwater diffe...
النوع : Briefتقرير #: 30089التاريخ : January 1, 2006المؤلف:
Dumars, Charles ;
Foster, James Stephen ;
Garduno, Hector ;
Kemper, Karin Erika ;
Nanni, Marcella ;
Tuinhof, Albert
This guidebook introduces borrowing microfinance institutions (MFIs or borrowers) to important provisions of a standard commercial bank loan agreement. It offers tips for drafting standard clauses and...
النوع : Working Paperتقرير #: 38411التاريخ : January 1, 2006
The note characterizes groundwater systems, reviews key concepts and frequent misconceptions, and explains how aquifers differ from one another. Groundwater flows generally take place in a myriad of i...
النوع : Briefتقرير #: 30090التاريخ : January 1, 2006المؤلف:
Foster, James Stephen ;
Garduno, Hector ;
Kemper, Karin Erika ;
Nanni, Marcella ;
Tuinhof, Albert
The primary goal of this Focus Note is to raise awareness in the microfinance sector of the issues associated with foreign exchange risk. First, it explains what exchange risk is. Second, it looks at ...
النوع : Briefتقرير #: 35819التاريخ : January 1, 2006المؤلف:
Featherston, Scott Douglas ;
Littlefield, Elizabeth L. ;
Mwangi, Patricia
This is the fifth quarterly newsletter designed to keep businesswomen in touch with key events, relevant research, and each other. This issue highlights e news of IFC and World Bank Group activities (...
النوع : Newsletterتقرير #: 35696التاريخ : January 1, 2006
This briefing note deals primarily with promoting an integrated approach to water resource planning whereby groundwater is incorporated into the overall national strategy for water conservation. Groun...
النوع : Briefتقرير #: 38818التاريخ : January 1, 2006المؤلف:
Foster, Stephen ;
Garduno, Hector ;
Kemper, Karin Erika ;
Koundouri, Phoebe ;
Nanni, Marcella ;
Tuinhof, Albert
The note questions how can potable, groundwater be affected by natural quality hazards, and discusses elements such as trace elements that can sometimes make it unfit of unacceptable for consumption, ...
النوع : Briefتقرير #: 32196التاريخ : January 1, 2006المؤلف:
Foster, James Stephen ;
Garduno, Hector ;
Kemper, Karin Erika ;
Koundouri, Phoebe ;
Nannin, Marcella ;
Tuinhof, Albert
This edtion of the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) economic developments and prospects reports highlights the recent key economic developments as well as the forces underlying the region's economi...
النوع : Working Paperتقرير #: 39407التاريخ : January 1, 2006
The vast majority of data used for economic research, analysis, and policy design comes from surveys-surveys of households, firms, schools, hospitals, and market participants, and, the accuracy of the...
النوع : Publicationتقرير #: 35034التاريخ : January 1, 2006المؤلف:
Iarossi, Giuseppe
Groundwater is an extensive, concealed and inaccessible resource, and (in contrast to surface water) changes in quantity and quality are often very slow processes occurring below large land areas. The...
النوع : Briefتقرير #: 30107التاريخ : January 1, 2006المؤلف:
Foster, James Stephen ;
Garduno, Hector ;
Kemper, Karin Erika ;
Nanni, Marcella ;
Tuinhof, Albert
The note explains groundwater resources are never strictly non-renewable. But in certain cases the period needed for replenishment (100s to 1000s of years) is very long in relation to the normal time-...
النوع : Briefتقرير #: 30101التاريخ : January 1, 2006المؤلف:
Foster, James Stephen ;
Garduno, Hector ;
Kemper, Karin Erika ;
Nanni, Marcella ;
Tuinhof, Albert
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